Judicial Bias

Nitcentral's Bulletin Brash Reflections: Political Musings: Judicial Bias
By TomM on Friday, June 03, 2005 - 10:14 pm:

Power tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely.
--Lord Acton


The founding fathers were well aware of the truth of Lord Acton's dictum. Because of this, they refused to invest all of the power of the nation in one place. The federal government was limited with many powers being reserved to the States and to the people. What power was granted to the Federal government was divided among the three branches, and although each branch has its area of control, there are checks and balances on its power given to the other branches. For example, the president can veto legislation passed by the Congress; or although the president is Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces, the power to declare war rests with Congress.

The third branch of the government, the Judiciary, has the least checks and balances on it. In part this is by design, and in part by lack of foresight. As invisioned by the framers of the Constitution, the judiciary would have the least effect on the government and its people, since it can only rule on the specific cases that come before it. It is also constrained by existing law and the principle of stare decisis (earlier rulings in similar cases set precedents that must be followed). Judges are appointed for life in order to remove them from the influence of party politics.

The power of the courts has grown due to three things: the decision of the John Jay court to hear and rule on Madison v Marbury, which gave the court the power of ultimate interpretation of the Constitution, the trend toward greater centralization of power in the federal government since the civil war and the XII - XV ammendments, and an increasingly litigeous society.

Even so, the checks and balances on the court are still sufficient, provided they are properly and fully exercised. The most important one is the Senate's "advise and consent" role in approving the president's nominees for the bench.

Every human being has biases. It is frequently the biases, often more even than greed or pride, that causes the corruption that Lord Acton warns of. Even Justice Antonin Scalia, whom the Republicans and conservatives point out as the nearly perfect diligent and scholarly man on the Bench, careful to research the law and the precedents, and strictly read the Constitution, has biases. If you read the oral arguments for The Boy Scouts of America v Dale, you will find a couple of places where Scalia is ignorant of (or perhaps misrepresents) the law, the precedents and the prevailing understanding of the Constitution.

It is impossible to nominate judges who are free of bias. Presidents naturally choose nominees whose biases are most in line with their political aims. It is the job of the Senators in the opposition party to vet these nominees and evaluate the severity of their biases.

Some biases are more harmful -- one might even say corrupt -- than others, and once a judge with harmful biases is seated on the Bench, it is almost impossible to remove him.

And there are judges whose biases are such that they should never have been placed on the bench. We have been discussing Judge Bradford in Indianapolis, who ruled that a child's parents cannot raise their son in their religion. There is also Judge David Stucki of Cleveland, of whom it is well known that if you are GLBT, you better pray your case is not heard in his court, since regardless of its merits, you will lose -- a fact he does not even try to hide.

Judges Bradford and Stucki are not federal judges, and their states may or may not have ways to remove them from the bench, but it is local judges like them that become the nominees for federal court positions, and it is important that their biases be exposed while they can still be kept off the Bench.

This is why the attempt by the Republicans to force through an "up or down vote" -- without a discussion or a vetting-- on Bush's nominees was wrong, and why the Democrats were forced to threaten filibusters. Yes, a few years ago, when Clinton was president and Democrats controlled the Senate, they tried something similar, and yes, they were just as wrong.


By R on Saturday, June 04, 2005 - 8:11 pm:

Too bad there isnt some kind of psych or other test that judges would have to take to be eligible for the ultimate bench.


By MikeC on Sunday, June 05, 2005 - 6:22 am:

Who would write this test?


By anonsmartalek on Tuesday, June 07, 2005 - 9:30 am:

A moderate, a conservative, and a liberal to balance out the biases. Of course the test will then be about 1000 questions long but oh well.


By LUIGI NOVI on Tuesday, June 07, 2005 - 7:48 pm:

And how do you define what a moderate, conservative or liberal is?


By R on Tuesday, June 07, 2005 - 8:20 pm:

What is is? But seriously tha tmight work if you can figure out how far to the left right and middle you want to go. Too bad we don't hafve any vulcans available in real life as i am sure they would be able to come up with some kind of logical criteria.


By Sarek on Tuesday, June 07, 2005 - 9:11 pm:

Hey, don't foist your problems on me!


By R on Wednesday, June 08, 2005 - 9:21 pm:

So sorry, it seemed the logical thing to do.


By Rona on Tuesday, October 04, 2005 - 5:57 pm:

Bush's new choice for Supreme Court Justice has a bias. Harriet Miers is an Evangelical. She was also a member of Exodus Ministries-the crackpot Ministry that claims it cures gays.

She's also another Bush crony (she was his personal attorney), and even said that "Bush was the smartest man she ever met". What! SHE'S INSANE!!!


By MikeC on Tuesday, October 04, 2005 - 6:46 pm:

1. So being an evangelical is automatically biased? I would say it does, but everyone has a bias. Did Ruth Bader Ginsburg have an ACLU bias? Did John Roberts have a Catholic bias?

2. I am not sure if Miers' Exodus Ministries is the same Exodus Ministries focused on homosexuality. The Boston Globe described Exodus as a group that helps prisoners and ex-cons.

3. She is also a woman, which means she is smarter than men, by your logic.


By Matthew Patterson (Mpatterson) on Wednesday, October 05, 2005 - 9:21 am:

1) While of course it doesn't matter at all what her religion is (seriously, by this logic the Vatican's been in charge of the Supreme Court for a *long* time), it's incredibly disquieting to hear evangelical organizations supporting her for the sole reason that she is an evangelical Protestant. I seem to recall a little "no religious test for office" clause that we're usually good at keeping, and this is coming dangerously close to crossing the line.

2) Her Exodus Ministries is indeed the ex-con group, not the ex-gay group.

3) Not even going here.


By ScottN on Wednesday, October 05, 2005 - 10:08 am:

Matt, while MikeC's #3 was perilously close to some sort of logical fallacy (I'm not sure which one), he is correctly pointing out that Rona has, on many occasions, posted about how women are smarter/wiser/better than men, and that her opposition to Miers is logically inconsistent on that basis.


By MikeC on Wednesday, October 05, 2005 - 10:38 am:

1. Certainly, and I wouldn't support her for solely being an evangelical Protestant at all. I supported Roberts not for being a Catholic or a conservative, but because I thought he was qualified. I don't support/not support Miers because of her religion.

My number 3 was a joke, primarily because I was growing sick of Rona's "women be smarter than men" posts. Apologies for being logically fallacious.


By ScottN on Wednesday, October 05, 2005 - 11:08 am:

Mike, I had the same feeling as your #3... I just couldn't find a... tactful?... way to post it :)


By Matthew Patterson (Mpatterson) on Wednesday, October 05, 2005 - 5:43 pm:

ScottN, I do realize that, but I thought it best not to engage the topic, since I recognize that some issues aren't ever going to be productively debated in this context. Of course, now here we all are talking about it anyway. I give up.


By ScottN on Wednesday, October 05, 2005 - 6:10 pm:

Sorry... I've been letting myself get dragged into that sort of meta-discussion way to often. You're absolutely right, Matt.


By TomM on Monday, November 28, 2005 - 5:38 pm:

(Continued from the Moral Relativism board)

R, what’s the point of democracy if un-accountable judges can overturn any law based on their own interpretation? I believe there’s a term for this… judicial tyranny. And yes, I believe it plagues us terribly today- judges do not have the right to overturn the will of the people in my book. Period. The Constitution may have that right, but not the judges or their broad interpretations.

Think about what you’re advocating… instead of the ‘tyranny of the majority’ imposing it’s will on the country, you have the tyranny of a single man or woman imposing their will on the entire country! How can that be a step up? Yes, I understand the necessity for a challenge to unconstitutional law; but I don’t believe that our current system ensures a fair balance… it simply allows judicial imposition of opinion.
Zarm

First, this country is {not} a democracy, and it has never been one. It is a constitutional democratic republic. It is not run on a pure majority vote like a small-town Vermont Town Meeting. We elect representatives to pass (Congress) and execute (the President) our laws, and they have certain constraints on what they can pass for laws (the Constitution). The founding fathers distrusted "mob rule" every bit as much as they mistrusted individual privelege. This is one reason why the Constitution has so many "checks and balances."

Second, the term is "judicial activism," not "judicial tyranny," and it has been leveled at judges by extremist critics from both sides of the aisle. In almost every case, however, when you examine the arguments presented to the court and the court's opinions you will find that the judges followed the sound principles of considering, the clear language of the law, the intent of the legislators when it is possible to clearly discern it, the clear language of the Constitution, the intent of its authors, when it is possible to clearly discern it, legal precedents, and how and why similar arguments succeeded or failed in the past.

Very often, as in the case in Goodridge, the Massachusetts same-sex marriage case, you will find that the judges were compelled to rule in a an unpopular way, even over their own natural inclinations. If they had ruled the popular way, abandoning all legal principle, then they would be guilty of judicial activism -- even (as you said) judicial tyranny.


By ScottN on Monday, November 28, 2005 - 7:46 pm:

Definition:

Judicial Activism -- When a judge makes a high profile ruling that I don't like.


By TomM on Thursday, March 02, 2006 - 3:27 am:

Newly appointed Supreme Court Justice Samuel Alito has written a letter of thank you to Dr. James Dobson of Focus on the Family, and to his readers and radio listeners for their support during the confirmation process.

"As I said when I spoke at my formal investiture at the White House last week, the prayers of so many people from around the country were a palpable and powerful force," Alito said in the letter.

"As long as I serve on the Supreme Court I will keep in mind the trust that has been placed in me."


Both Dr. Dobson and Barry Lynn, executive director of Americans United for Separation of Church and State see that statement as a promise to skew his rulings in accordance to the point of view that Dobson and Focus advocate on key issues such as abortion and GLBT rights.

On his radio show Wednesday Dobson read Alito's letter and told listeners that their support had "affected history" by helping put Alito on the court.

.......

“He’s not sounding like a fair and independent judge,” Barry Lynn, the organization's executive director, told the Colorado Springs Gazette. Focus on the Family is based in Colorado Springs.

Lynn said the note can be interpreted as a pledge to rule as Dobson wants on key issues, such as gay marriage, abortion and church-state separation.

“This strongly suggests Alito is going to do just what he was entrusted to do - change the law dramatically in many key areas,” said Lynn, whose group, and all national LGBT rights groups, opposed Alito’s nomination.


By MikeC on Thursday, March 02, 2006 - 12:01 pm:

So never thank your supporters, folks.


By TomM on Thursday, March 02, 2006 - 5:44 pm:

Or at least be very careful how you phrase that thanks. As I said, it was not only Mr. Lynn, but also Dr. Dobson himself who read the line "As long as I serve on the Supreme Court I will keep in mind the trust that has been placed in me," as a pledge to skew his rulings in favor of Dr. Dobsons opinions.


By Anon E. Muss on Thursday, March 02, 2006 - 6:07 pm:

I guess we'll see won't we?


By TomM on Saturday, March 18, 2006 - 10:03 am:

Recently retired Minnesota Chief Justice Kathleen Blatz is taking pains to distance herself from long-time friend and political crony Dean Johnson, majority leader in the state senate, over some remarks he claimed that she made to him concerning same-sex marriages.

Johnson, meeting with a group of ministers, assured them that he'd been assured that the marriage law was safe.

Kathleen Blatz, my seat mate for 4 years, she was the chief Justice, you know what her response was? Dean, we all stand for election too. Every 6 years. She said, we are not gonna touch it. That's what she said. I've talked to Justice Anderson, and other justice, Anderson.. Dean, we're not gonna do this. We're not gonna do this."

.......

Kathleen Blatz, the retired Chief Justice, issued a statement about the Johnson tape and the report that appeared in the newspaper. She said, "It would have been highly unethical for me as the Chief Justice to comment on a matter that might come before the court, or to give assurances to anyone on how the Court was likely to decide an issue that might come before it. It just never happened."


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